National » Tamil Nadu
Published: June 30, 2015 03:05 IST | Updated: June 30, 2015 03:14 IST CHENNAI, June 30, 2015Azhagankulam was in the big league
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A
Roman potsherd (left) and broken pieces of an amphora found during the
excavation under way at Azhagankulam in Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu.Renewed excavation in the T.N. village provides fresh evidence.
Renewed
excavation from May at Azhagankulam village in Ramanathapuram district,
Tamil Nadu, has thrown up fresh evidence that it was an important
trading post between the Sangam Pandyas and the Romans from circa 50 BCE
to circa 500 CE.
Archaeologists from the Tamil Nadu
Department of Archaeology, who are taking part in the excavation, said
Azhagankulam, Arikkamedu in Puducherry and Pattanam (Muziris) in Kerala
formed a troika of trade centres between Rome and the Tamil country
during the Tamil Sangam age.
Azhagankulam is about three km from the sea, near the area where the Vaigai river enters the sea.
The
State Department of Archaeology had earlier excavated the site in
1986-87 and again for five seasons in the 1990s. Those excavations
revealed the trade link between the ancient Tamil country and the
Mediterranean region.
The excavation under way now at
Azhagankulam has yielded broken Roman Amphora jars, Mediterranean
pottery, embossed Roman potsherds, copper coins, Chinese Celadon ware,
rouletted ware, potsherds with Tamil Brahmi letters, a potsherd with a
swastika symbol and so on. Beads made of carnelian, quartz and glass
were found.
Of the five trenches, four were laid in
the Kottaimedu area. They yielded Roman amphorae (jars for storing
wine), two copper coins, roofing tiles, black and red potsherds. A
trench dug at Parithikaadu near the seashore yielded three corroded
copper coins.
Archaeologist’s delight
Archaeologists
emphasised that the Roman antiquities thrown up from the renewed
excavation at Azhagankulam proved once again the trade contacts between
the Pandya rulers and the Romans. Madurai was the capital of the Pandya
country and Ramanathapuram came under the Madurai region. Roman gold
coin hoards had been found at Utthamapuram, Nathampatti and
Karivalamvandha Nallur.
“From circa 50 BCE, the Roman
context occurs at Azhagankulam. The Pandyas had trade contacts with the
Yavanas. The Romans bought pearls from the Pandya country. The contacts
lasted till 500 CE,” said an archaeologist who had taken part in the
earlier excavations at Azhagankulam.
Those
excavations yielded three Roman coins. The legend on them showed that
Roman emperors Valentine II (regnal years 383 CE to 395 CE) and Arcadius
(regnal years 395 CE to 408 CE) issued them. Square copper Pandya coins
were also found. The Mauryan context at Azhagankulam was revealed, with
the occurrence of the northern black polished ware (elite tableware
used by the wealthy) and punch-marked coins.
Azhagankulam,
Arikkamedu and Korkai in the Tamiraparani basin on the east coast and
Muziris on the west coast saw flourishing trade between the ancient
Tamil country and the Romans, the archaeologist added.